The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported a cluster of hantavirus infections associated with international cruise ship travel, involving multiple countries and ongoing public health investigations.
As of 4 May 2026, a total of seven cases — including two laboratory-confirmed and five suspected — have been identified among passengers and crew aboard a Dutch-flagged vessel carrying 147 individuals from 23 nationalities. The cases include three deaths and one patient currently in intensive care.
The ship departed Ushuaia, Argentina, on 1 April 2026 and travelled across the South Atlantic, making stops in Antarctica, South Georgia, Tristan da Cunha, Saint Helena and Ascension Island. It is currently moored off Cabo Verde, where medical teams are evaluating passengers and collecting samples for further laboratory testing.
Available epidemiological information indicates that illness onset occurred between 6 and 28 April, with symptoms including fever, gastrointestinal complaints and, in severe cases, progression to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress and shock. Investigations are ongoing to determine the source of exposure, including whether infections occurred during the voyage or prior to boarding in South America.
Some affected individuals had recent travel history in South America before embarking on the cruise. At this stage, the extent of possible exposure to wildlife or rodent habitats during the journey remains unclear.
Health authorities in Cabo Verde, the Netherlands, Spain, South Africa and the United Kingdom are coordinating response efforts in collaboration with WHO. Measures implemented include case isolation and management, contact tracing, laboratory investigations, and arrangements for medical evacuation where necessary. Passengers onboard have been advised to remain in their cabins where possible and to adhere to strict hygiene and infection prevention measures.
Hantavirus is a zoonotic viral disease primarily transmitted to humans through contact with urine, faeces or saliva of infected rodents, or contaminated surfaces. Human-to-human transmission is rare but has been documented in limited instances involving certain strains, particularly the Andes virus.
WHO has assessed the risk to the global population from this event as low. However, the organisation emphasises the importance of continued vigilance, particularly among travellers, healthcare providers and public health authorities.
There is currently no specific antiviral treatment or licensed vaccine for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Early recognition, prompt referral and supportive clinical care — particularly in facilities with intensive care capacity — are critical to improving patient outcomes.
WHO does not recommend any travel or trade restrictions at this time but will continue to monitor the situation and update its risk assessment as more information becomes available.
Public Health Implication
The event underscores the importance of strengthened surveillance for zoonotic diseases, especially in the context of international travel and ecotourism. Public health authorities are advised to maintain vigilance, enhance early detection systems, and promote awareness of preventive measures, including avoiding contact with rodent-infested environments and ensuring proper environmental hygiene.
NIMR Advisory
The Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR) is actively monitoring the evolving situation in collaboration with global health authorities. The Institute remains committed to providing timely, evidence-based updates and guidance as more information becomes available, while reinforcing national preparedness for the detection and management of emerging infectious diseases.
